Which orientation holds that moral choices satisfy personal needs and desires?

Which orientation holds that moral choices satisfy personal needs and desires?

• A. Personal Reward Orientation
• B. Punishment-Obedience Orientation
• C. Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation
• D. Social Contract Orientation

Answer: (A)

The concept being tested is moral reasoning driven by personal gain. Personal Reward Orientation describes a mindset where moral decisions are made to satisfy personal needs and desires, focusing on what benefits the individual or avoids personal losses. It’s the idea that right or wrong is judged by the direct payoff to oneself, often in a yes-no exchange: “If I do this, what do I get in return?” This aligns with the second stage of typical moral development models, where actions are treated as opportunities to gain rewards or personal advantage rather than following rules or seeking approval. This fits best because the statement highlights satisfying personal needs and desires as the motivator for moral choices. In contrast, the Punishment-Obedience orientation focuses on obeying authority to avoid punishment, the Good Boy-Nice Girl orientation seeks approval from others, and the Social Contract orientation emphasizes rules and principles that protect society or general welfare.

The concept being tested is moral reasoning driven by personal gain. Personal Reward Orientation describes a mindset where moral decisions are made to satisfy personal needs and desires, focusing on what benefits the individual or avoids personal losses. It’s the idea that right or wrong is judged by the direct payoff to oneself, often in a yes-no exchange: “If I do this, what do I get in return?” This aligns with the second stage of typical moral development models, where actions are treated as opportunities to gain rewards or personal advantage rather than following rules or seeking approval.

This fits best because the statement highlights satisfying personal needs and desires as the motivator for moral choices. In contrast, the Punishment-Obedience orientation focuses on obeying authority to avoid punishment, the Good Boy-Nice Girl orientation seeks approval from others, and the Social Contract orientation emphasizes rules and principles that protect society or general welfare.